Political instability, ethnic tensions, the legacy of colonialism, and intense competition for natural resources are the main causes of Africa’s past and present wars. The economical development of the continent has been severely hampered by these problems, which have exacerbated both internal and international conflicts. Africa’s Regional Economic Communities (RECs)
Synopsis: As Egypt maintains its position as MENA’s strongest military power, President al-Sisi’s regime grapples with a complex economic reality. While boasting impressive Egyptian GDP growth and decreased Egyptian unemployment, the nation’s increasing military-economic entanglement raises concerns about sustainable development. This analysis explores how Egypt’s armed forces shape both regional
Synopsis: From its magnificent rise under the Ptolemies to its tragic destruction during Caesar’s siege, the Library of Alexandria stood as humanity’s greatest repository of knowledge. Housing up to 400,000 scrolls and hosting history’s brightest minds, this intellectual beacon shaped ancient scholarship before political turmoil led to its decline. Today,
Synopsis: “The annual Islamic pilgrimage of Hajj continues to evolve under Saudi Arabia’s Hajj modernisation efforts, emphasising pilgrim safety and comfort. While 2024’s extreme temperatures posed significant challenges, particularly affecting unauthorised pilgrims, the event highlights the crucial importance of official registration and proper facilities. The government is under increased pressure
In a significant push towards global sustainability, Aramco Ventures, the venture capital arm of Saudi Aramco, is intensifying its investments in climate technology startups. The company is actively identifying and supporting innovative solutions that contribute to decarbonisation efforts worldwide. These investments align with Saudi Aramco’s broader strategy to integrate emerging
In an era where energy security and economic growth are inextricably linked, the role of advanced oil production technologies has become pivotal. Saudi Aramco, the world’s largest oil producer, stands at the forefront of this transformation. The company’s cutting-edge innovations in oil extraction, refining and sustainability, Aramco is not only
Saudi Arabia is witnessing an unprecedented surge in construction activity, drawing global interest and investment as it advances its ambitious Vision 2030 agenda. The Kingdom’s strategic push to diversify its economy beyond oil has led to a historic expansion in infrastructure and urban development, making it one of the most
Saudi Arabia has taken a major step toward sustainable finance with the issuance of its first sovereign green bond in February 2025. The bond received an overwhelming response from global investors, being oversubscribed six times. This strong demand underscores growing confidence in Saudi Arabia’s economic outlook and its commitment to
As Saudi Arabia seeks to diversify its economy beyond oil, the country is making bold moves to establish itself as a global financial hub. The Kingdom’s Vision 2030 initiative, spearheaded by Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, aims to transform Saudi Arabia into a thriving investment powerhouse. In a significant step
Russia’s role in global affairs has always been significant, but recent years have seen the country emerge at the forefront of geopolitical tension, sparking debates over its internal policies, international ambitions, and the sustainability of its influence in an evolving world. With its vast natural resources, military might, and a